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FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)是高等开花植物中成花诱导的关键基因，是植物诱导开花层级基因网络的重要整合子，而丹参FT基因家族的鉴定和分析目前尚未见报道。本研究在丹参基因组中鉴定出FT基因家族并进行生物信息学分析及其在已开花与未开花丹参不同组织中的表达模式分析。结果表明，丹参FT基因家族共包含10个成员，编码165～193个氨基酸，理论等电点为5.45～9.60,相对分子质量为17.85～22.04 kDa,所有成员均为亲水蛋白。丹参FT家族成员基因结构相似，其蛋白序列相对保守。顺式作用元件的预测结果表明，丹参FT基因家族可能参与成花诱导等生长发育过程。进化树结果表明，丹参FT基因家族在YBHB、MFT、FT和TFL亚家族中皆有分布。表达模式分析结果表明，FT基因家族的表达存在明显的组织特异性，总体可分为4类：(1)SmFT、SmFTL2和SmFTL5特异性高表达于已开花丹参的叶片；(2)SmFTL1、SmFTL3和SmFTL8特异性高表达于未开花丹参的叶片；(3)SmFTL4和SmFTL9特异性高表达于已开花丹参的根；(4)SmFTL6和SmFTL7特异性高表达于未开花丹参的根。推测这4组基因协同调控丹参地上部分开花与地下根发育的平衡。研究结果可为通过调节地上地下生物量的分配比选育丹参高产新种质提供育种靶点。
Abstract：FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT) gene plays a pivotal role in the induction of flowering in the higher plants, serving as a crucial integrator within the floral regulatory network. Nevertheless, no prior studies have reported on identification and analysis of the FT gene family in Salvia miltiorrhiza. In this study, the FT gene family was identified in the S. miltiorrhiza genome and analyzed by bioinformatics methods. The expression pattern of the FT genes in different tissues of flowering and non-flowering S. miltiorrhiza. The results revealed that the FT gene family in S. miltiorrhiza comprised 10 members, encoding 165 to 193 amino acids. All the FT proteins were hydrophilic proteins with the isoelectric points between 5.45 and 9.60, and the relative molecular weight ranging from 17.85 to 22.04 kDa. The members of the S. miltiorrhiza FT family had similar gene structures and their protein sequences were relatively conserved. The prediction results of cis-acting elements indicated that the FT gene family of S. miltiorrhiza might be involved in the growth and development processes such as flowering induction. The results of evolutionary tree showed that the S. miltiorrhiza FT genes were distributed in YBHB, MFT, FT and TFL subfamilies. The expression pattern analysis revealed distinct tissue specificity in the expression of FT genes, which could be categorized as follows:(1) SmFT, SmFTL2 and SmFTL5 showed elevated expression in the leaves of flowering S. miltiorrhiza;(2) SmFTL1, SmFTL3 and SmFTL8 exhibited high expression levels in the leaves of non-flowering S. miltiorrhiza;(3) SmFTL4 and SmFTL9 displayed significant expression in the roots of flowering S. miltiorrhiza;(4) SmFTL6 and SmFTL7 displayed significant expression in the roots of non-flowering S. miltiorrhiza. These findings suggested a potential synergistic regulation among these four gene groups to maintain a balance between above-ground flowering and underground root development. Consequently, these results could provide valuable insights for breeding high-yield new germplasm of S. miltiorrhiza by adjusting the distribution ratio of biomass between aboveground and subsurface parts.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2025.11.001
中图分类号:S567.53
引用信息:
[1]杨盛,刘珊,孙楠,等.丹参成花素FT基因家族鉴定及表达分析[J].山东农业科学,2025,57(11):1-9.DOI:10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2025.11.001.
基金信息:
泰山学者工程专项经费(tsqn202211135); 山东省高等学校青创人才引育计划项目“中药功能基因挖掘及基因组学研究创新团队”; 山东省重点研发计划(乡村振兴科技创新提振行动计划)项目(2022TZXD0036); 第三批“药苑育研”优秀研究生创新基金项目(2023-10-25)