为探讨花生棉花间作提高作物产量的理论基础，本研究分析山东青岛、东营、聊城3个地区花生棉花间作体系的田间小气候特征及产量。结果表明，花生棉花间作体系下，花生株高增加，主茎节数减少，茎叶干物质重和产量下降，越靠近棉花的花生行所受的影响越大；棉花株高降低，茎叶干物质重和产量增加，越靠近花生的棉花行所受到的促进作用越大。间作降低花生的光合有效辐射、群体内空气和土壤温度，增加群体内空气湿度，距棉花越近所受的影响越大；间作增加棉花的光合有效辐射、群体内空气和土壤温度，降低群体内空气湿度，距花生越近所受的影响越大。相关性分析结果表明，花生产量与光合有效辐射呈显著正相关，与株高呈极显著负相关；棉花产量与光合有效辐射呈极显著正相关，与空气温度呈显著正相关，表明光合有效辐射和空气温度是影响花生棉花间作体系两作物产量的主要因子。

To investigate the theoretical basis for increasing yield of intercropped peanut and cotton, this study analyzed the field microclimate characteristics and yield of the peanut-cotton intercropping system in three regions of Shandong Province, namely Qingdao, Dongying and Liaocheng. The results showed that in the peanut-cotton intercropping system, the peanut plant height increased, while the number of main stem nodes, dry matter weight of stems and leaves and yield of peanut decreased, and the closer the peanut row was to cotton, the more significant impacts the peanut plants suffered; the cotton plant height decreased, while the dry matter weight of stems and leaves and yield of cotton increased, and the closer the cotton row was to peanut, the stronger promoting effect the cotton plants received. Intercropping reduced the photosynthetically active radiation(PAR), in-canopy air and soil temperatures of peanut, while increased the in-canopy air humidity, and the closer the peanut were to cotton, the greater the impacts were; in contrast, intercropping increased the PAR, in-canopy air and soil temperatures of cotton, while decreased the in-canopy air humidity, and the closer the cotton was to peanut, the more obvious the effects were. Correlation analysis results indicated that peanut yield was significantly positively correlated with PAR and significantly negatively correlated with plant height, while cotton yield was extremely significantly positively correlated with PAR and significantly positively correlated with air temperature, which suggested that PAR and air temperature were the main factors affecting the yield of peanut-cotton intercropping system.