本试验旨在探究可溶性有机碳肥(SOC)对烤烟生理生化和品质特征的影响。采用田间试验法，以‘中烟100’为供试品种，设置CK(对照，常规施肥)、T1(常规施肥+300 kg/hm² SOC)、T2(常规施肥+600 kg/hm² SOC)和T3(常规施肥+900 kg/hm² SOC)共4个施肥处理，测定不同处理下烤烟农艺性状、根系指标、光合作用、组织结构、抗氧化酶及碳氮代谢酶活性和烤后烟叶品质。结果表明，施加SOC能促进烤烟生长，农艺性状、根系和光合性能较CK均有所提高，组织结构更加整齐明显；提高烟叶抗氧化酶活性，降低丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢(H_2O₂)含量，其中以移栽后60 d时T2处理效果最好，超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性较CK分别提高37.71%、56.73%和49.18%;提高碳氮代谢酶活性，且以移栽后60 d时T2处理活性最高，蔗糖合酶(SS)、蔗糖磷酸合酶(SPS)、硝酸还原酶(NR)、亚硝酸还原酶(NIR)活性较CK分别提高30.11%、33.27%、53.42%、27.09%;施加SOC改善烤后烟叶品质，外观质量、感官质量和化学成分更加协调，以T2处理综合效果最好，T1、T2和T3处理的有机酸总量较CK分别增加5.60%、13.60%和5.41%。综上所述，施用SOC可以促进烤烟生长，提高抗氧化酶和碳氮代谢酶活性，改善烤后烟叶品质，本试验条件下以600 kg/hm²用量效果最佳。

This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of soluble organic carbon fertilizer(SOC) on physiological and biochemical and quality characteristics of flue-cured tobacco. Four treatments, CK(control, conventional fertilization), T1(conventional fertilization + 300 kg/hm² SOC), T2(conventional fertilization + 600 kg/hm² SOC) and T3(conventional fertilization + 900 kg/hm² SOC), were set to study their effects on agronomic traits, root indexes, photosynthesis, tissue structure, activities of antioxidant enzymes and carbon and nitrogen metabolisming enzymes, and quality of cured leaves of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that the application of SOC could promote the growth of flue-cured tobacco, and the agronomic traits, root system and photosynthetic indexes were improved compared with CK, and the tissue structure was more neat and obvious; the application of SOC improved the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and lowered the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) and H_2O₂, among which, the T2 treatment had the best effect at 60 days after transplanting, and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxide(POD) and catalase(CAT) increased by 37.71%, 56.73% and 49.18% compared with that of CK. SOC application also improved the activity of carbon and nitrogen metabolisming enzymes, and that of T2 treatment at 60 days after transplanting was the highest, with sucrose synthase(SS), sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS), nitrate reductase(NR) and nitrite reductase(NIR) activities increased by 30.11%, 33.27%, 53.42% and 27.09%, respectively, compared with CK. SOC application improved the quality of post-baking tobacco leaves, with better harmonization of appearance quality, sensory quality and chemical composition, and T2 treatment had the best comprehensive effects. The total content of organic acids of T1, T2 and T3 treatments increased by 5.60%, 13.60% and 5.41%, respectively, compared with CK. In conclusion, SOC application could promote the growth of tobacco leaves, increase the activities of antioxidant enzymes and carbon and nitrogen metabolizing enzymes, and improve the quality of cured tobacco leaves. The best effect was achieved with 600 kg/hm² SOC application.