为探究不同间作模式对茶园土壤及茶树[Camellia sinenesis(L.) O. Kuntze]木质部解剖结构的影响，本研究在云南省大理州南涧县无量山樱花谷风景区选择三种不同的茶园间作模式即马缨花(Rhododendron delavayi Franch.)-茶(MT)、冬樱花[Prunus cerasoides(D. Don) Sok.]-茶(DT)、核桃(Juglans mandshurica Maxim.)-茶(HT)与纯茶园(CK)进行比较，分析春、秋两季四种茶园土壤酶活性、土壤养分含量及茶树木质部解剖结构差异等。结果表明：与CK相比，春、秋季MT、DT茶园土壤酶活性总体提升效果较好，而HT茶园土壤酶活性提升效果较差；秋季，DT、MT、HT茶园总体上都能提升土壤有机质、全磷和全钾含量，改善茶园土壤理化性状；DT、HT茶园较CK显著提高茶树木质部导管长度；春季，HT茶园茶树木质部纤维长度、纤维宽度、双壁厚度和胞腔宽度等指标值均明显高于其他三种模式茶树；秋季，MT茶园茶树木质部纤维各指标值均为最大，其中纤维长度、双璧厚度与其他茶园差异达显著水平。综上表明，茶园中间作其他树种能够在一定程度上改善茶园土壤理化性状，提升茶树对水分和养分的利用效率，因此在茶园建设时可采用适宜的间作模式。

This study investigated the effects of different intercropping patterns on tea garden soil and xylem structure of tea tree [Camellia sinenesis( L.) O. Kuntze]. Three intercropping patterns including Rhododendron delavayi Franch. with tea tree(MT), Prunus cerasoides(D. Don) Sok. with tea tree(DT), Juglans mandshurica Maxim. with tea tree(HT) were selected to compare with the pure tea plantation(CK) in the Cherry Valley Scenic Area of Wuliang Mountain in Nanjian County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Activity of soil enzymes, content of soil nutrients, and xylem anatomy traits of tea tree were analyzed in spring and autumn. The results indicated that compared with CK, MT and DT treatments generally enhanced the activity of tea garden soil enzymes in both seasons, whereas HT showed limited improvement. All intercropping patterns(DT, MT and HT) increased the content of soil organic matter, total phosphorus and total potassium in autumn, thereby improving soil physical and chemical properties in tea garden. DT and HT intercropping mode significantly increased the xylem vessel length of tea tree. In spring, the fiber length, fiber width, double wall thickness and lumen width of tea tree xylem in HT pattern were significantly higher than those in the other three patterns. In autumn, the indexes of xylem fiber of tea tree in MT garden were the highest, and the difference in fiber length and double wall thickness reached significant level. In conclusion, intercropping with other tree species could improve the soil properties of tea garden to a certain extent, and enhance the water and nutrient use efficiency of tea tree, so suitable intercropping patterns could be adopted during tea garden construction.