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赤眼蜂是全球公认的高效寄生鳞翅目害虫卵的天敌昆虫。为明确山东省胶东地区夏玉米田主要害虫——亚洲玉米螟的优势天敌赤眼蜂种群，以及评估商品化松毛虫赤眼蜂产品在该地区的田间适应性，为当地释放优势赤眼蜂防治玉米螟提供指导依据，本研究首先在实验室条件下对3种赤眼蜂(玉米螟赤眼蜂、螟黄赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂)寄生玉米螟卵的能力进行比较，同时在胶东地区的青岛即墨、莱西和平度各100 hm2夏玉米田释放松毛虫赤眼蜂2次，并采集田间被寄生的玉米螟卵块，待寄生卵块羽化后，对赤眼蜂种类进行鉴定。结果显示，实验室条件下3种赤眼蜂均能寄生玉米螟卵，但寄生能力存在显著差异，其中玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生能力最强，其次是螟黄赤眼蜂，而松毛虫赤眼蜂的寄生率最低。田间试验中，共采集到29块被赤眼蜂寄生的玉米螟卵块，其中26块鉴定出赤眼蜂种群，通过将它们的基因序列在GenBank数据库中比对分析，共确认3种赤眼蜂：15块卵块被玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生，9块被螟黄赤眼蜂寄生，仅2块被松毛虫赤眼蜂寄生。本研究表明，在胶东地区的夏玉米田中，玉米螟赤眼蜂是寄生玉米螟卵的优势种群，其次为螟黄赤眼蜂，而松毛虫赤眼蜂的寄生率较低，适应性较差。这一结果可为胶东地区夏玉米田的赤眼蜂种类选择及防治玉米螟的技术应用提供科学依据和技术支撑。
Abstract：Trichogramma is a globally recognized highly efficient egg-parasitic natural enemy of Lepidoptera pests. To clarify the dominant natural enemy population of Ostrinia furnacalis, a major pest in summer corn fields in Jiaodong area, Shandong Province, and to evaluate the field adaptability of commercial Trichogramma dendrolimi products in the region, this study was conducted aiming to provide scientific guidance for the release of dominant Trichogramma species to control O. furnacalis. The parasitic ability of three Trichogramma species(T. ostriniae, T. chilonis, T. dendrolimi) on O. furnacalis eggs was compared under laboratory conditions. Additionally, T. dendrolimi was released twice in 100 hectares of summer corn fields in Jimo, Laixi and Pingdu regions of Qingdao. Parasitized O. furnacalis egg masses were collected from the fields, and the species of Trichogramma were identified through molecular analysis after adult emergence. The results revealed that three Trichogramma species could parasitize O. furnacalis eggs under laboratory conditions, and T. ostriniae exhibited the highest parasitism ability, followed by T. chilonis, while T. dendrolimi showed thelowest. A total of 29 parasitized O. furnacalis egg masses were collected from the three regions, and 26 of which were successfully identified through molecular analysis. Gene sequence BLAST via GenBank revealed three species: 15 egg masses were parasitized by T. ostriniae, 9 by T. chilonis, and 2 by T. dendrolimi. This study demonstrated that in summer corn fields in Jiaodong area, the dominant Trichogramma species parasitizing O. furnacalis eggs was T. ostriniae, followed by T. chilonis, while T. dendrolimi showed poor adaptability in this region. These findings could provide valuable technical recommendations for the selection and release of Trichogramma species to effectively control O. furnacalis in summer corn fields in Jiaodong, area.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2026.01.016
中图分类号:S435.132;S476.3
引用信息:
[1]代晓彦,王瑜,王瑞娟,等.胶东地区夏玉米田赤眼蜂种群调查[J].山东农业科学,2026,58(01):130-136.DOI:10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2026.01.016.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1400600); 山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2024G01); 泰山学者青年专家项目(tsqn202312293)
2026-01-30
2026-01-30